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KMID : 0359920140330020095
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Korean Journal of Nephrology
2014 Volume.33 No. 2 p.95 ~ p.102
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The association between mortality and abdominal aortic calcification and relation between its progression and serum calcium concentration in chronic hemodialysis patients
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Kwon Hea-Yoon
Lee Oh-Hyun
Kim Min-Joo
Joo Woo-Chul
Lee Sun-Young
Kim Moon-Jae
Song Joon-Ho
Lee Seoung-Woo
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Abstract
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Background: The composite summary score (range, 0?24) of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) devised by Kauppila et al is a simple method of assessing AAC severity. However, few studies have been conducted to determine an optimal AAC cutoff score for the prediction of mortality or to investigate the relation between mineral metabolism and AAC progression using the scoring system.
Methods: The medical records of 112 patients on hemodialysis who had undergone simple lateral lumbar radiography every 6 months from August 2009 were reviewed. Patients were followed until November 2012, and the relationship between the degree of AAC at baseline and mortality was evaluated. In addition, the relationship between the progression of AAC and serum concentrations of calcium and phosphate was evaluated in the 75 patients who were successfully followed until November 2012.
Results: The mean AAC score at baseline was 5.574.8, and the cutoff calcification score for the prediction of mortality was 7.75 (sensitivity¼61%, specificity¼81%). Patients were allocated to Group A (baseline total calcification score r8.0, n¼85) or Group B (baseline total calcification score48.0, n¼27), and multivariate analysis showed that Group B was an independent risk factor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Of the 75 patients successfully followed, 51 showed AAC progression (Group 1) and 24 showed no change or improvement (Group 2). Group 1 was found to have significantly higher mean serum corrected calcium levels during the 2nd year and 3rd year of follow-up than Group 2. Furthermore, repeatedmeasures analysis of variance showed higher monthly corrected calcium concentrations
(P¼0.099) and mean corrected calcium levels during the 1st year, 2nd year, and 3rd year of follow-up (P¼0.062) in Group 1, but without statistical significance. The cutoff values of mean corrected calcium of the 2nd year and 3rd year for the
prediction of AAC progression during follow-up years were 8.96 mg/dL and 9.45 mg/dL, respectively. Serum phosphate levels and corrected calciumphosphate values were similar in Groups 1 and 2.
Conclusion: Patients with an AAC score of48 at baseline seem to be at higher risk of mortality during follow-up. Of the serum variables examined, such as corrected calcium, phosphate, and corrected calciumphosphate, corrected calcium was found to be marginally associated with AAC progression. However, a larger-scale prospective study is required to confirm our findings.
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KEYWORD
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Abdominal aorta, End-stage renal disease, Hemodialysis, Mortality, Vascular calcification
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